J. Robert Oppenheimer forever changed the course of history. He may be the most important physicist to have ever lived. Part of this video is sponsored by Wren. Offset your carbon footprint on Wren: ?https://www.wren.co/start/veritasium1 For the first 100 people who sign up, I will personally pay for the first month of your subscription!
If you want to learn more about Oppeheimer, I strongly recommend the book 'American Prometheus' By Kai Bird and Martin Sherwin. It is a remarkable book, very much deserving of the Pulitzer prize it received.
If you're looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms � a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically � https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
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A huge thank you to Dr. Martin Rohde and Dr. Antonia Denkova from the TU Delft for proofreading the script and providing valuable feedback.
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References:
Bird, K., & Sherwin, M. J. (2021). American Prometheus: the triumph and tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. Atlantic Books.
Smith, A. K., & Weiner, C. (1980). Robert Oppenheimer: letters and recollections. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 36(5), 19-27. - https://ve42.co/Smith1980
Combes, J. M., Duclos, P., & Seiler, R. (1981). The born-oppenheimer approximation. Rigorous atomic and molecular physics, 185-213. - https://ve42.co/Combes1981
Rhodes, R. (2012). The making of the atomic bomb. Simon and Schuster.
Oppenheimer, J. R., & Volkoff, G. M. (1939). On massive neutron cores. Physical Review, 55(4), 374. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1939b
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1927). Bemerkung zur Zerstreuung der ?-Teilchen. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43(5-6), 413-415. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1927
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1927). Zur quantenmechanik der richtungsentartung. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43(1-2), 27-46. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1927b
Born, M., & Oppenheimer, R. (1927). Zur Quantentheorie der Molekeln Annalen der Physik, v. 84. - https://ve42.co/Born1927
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1928). Three notes on the quantum theory of aperiodic effects. Physical review, 31(1), 66.
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1928). On the quantum theory of the capture of electrons. Physical review, 31(3), 349.
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1931). Note on light quanta and the electromagnetic field. Physical Review, 38(4), 725.
Furry, W. H., & Oppenheimer, J. R. (1934). On the theory of the electron and positive. Physical Review, 45(4), 245. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1934
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1935). Note on charge and field fluctuations. Physical Review, 47(2), 144. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1935
Oppenheimer, J. R., & Snyder, H. (1939). On continued gravitational contraction. Physical Review, 56(5), 455. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1939
Oppenheimer, J. R., & Phillips, M. (1935). Note on the transmutation function for deuterons. Physical Review, 48(6), 500. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1935b
Malik, J. (1985). Yields of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear explosions (No. LA-8819). Los Alamos National Lab.(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). - https://ve42.co/Malik1985
Ignition of the atmosphere with nuclear bombs -- https://ve42.co/Konopinski46
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Written by Petr Lebedev & Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver & Katrina Jackson
Filmed by Derek Muller
Animation by Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, & Mike Radjabov
Illustration by Jakub Misiek and Celia Bode
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images & Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound
Did Oppenheimer think he was doing God’s work creating a weapon to kill thousands of people instantly instead of feeding the poor and teaching them to live by the word of God? That was the devil’s work. Most people engage in this and are unaware.
@sniperactive1965 Says:
The greatest difference between this video and the movie is the fact that Chris Nolan chickened out and never called Oppenheimer the communist he was. The movie just danced around it.
@DLPB-u8w Says:
No Einstein. no Oppenheimer.
@yungcat-q5b Says:
of course his wise was a communist
@ThembakushNhlabathi-jc4dn Says:
Consequentially it was only right that he never won the Nobel price
@TheDuckConquerer Says:
Please we need to share this video most people think all these “nukes” can just explode they have no idea what the lore is.
@Amir-zt5yu Says:
3:21 is that really Wolfgang Pauli? looks more like the Hungarian phenomenon
@IndexVideorumProhibitorum Says:
Seu canal é sensacional! Uma fonte riquíssima de conhecimento!
@Bludangel2-4A Says:
Did I just watch a 31 minute “don’t smoke” ad?
@RitikMaurya07 Says:
0:34 "Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds." Bhagvad Gita: Chapter 11, Verse 32
@acorn5747 Says:
Are there still radiation effects in areas that have been bombed ? Like the marshal islands or new mexico ??
@daxespinosa1192 Says:
Wow. It's so appalling to watch how Veritasium just recklessly propagate such a disrespectful narrative. Americans are evil for bombing Japan? If only Oppenheimer saw the scope of evil the Japanese empire was and how they ravaged other Asian countries during WWII, he would have personally wrote President Truman to recommend dropping 6 more bombs on Tokyo just for inventing pokemons. What are those tears for, to show that Jewish men are compassionate, or to reveal his ignorance? Your ignorance? Seriously, do you guys even know what the term "Comfort Women" is? If the Nazis used Jewish wealth and valuable assets, including that gold wisdom tooth they pulled out from your grandma, to finance their war machine and to build extermination camps, where do you think Japan got the bankroll to build battleships the size of Godzilla? Having no knowledge of what other race groups' historical struggle and experience of oppression just proves self-absorbed arrogance and absence of human empathy. President Truman should get the Nobel Prize for bombing Hiroshima. All that crap about black holes and quantum gravity..
@gregniel Says:
I had no idea how intelligent Oppenheimer was. Impressive.
@민-c3t Says:
Nanjung Ilgi: War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun-sin
UNESCO
Memory of the World
Imjin War
The Attack on Pearl Harbor
The Bombing of Chongqing
Japan's hobby of war of aggression without declaration of war
foreigners who defend the Nazis
a Nazi-loving foreigner
It's too weird.
At that time, Japan was an Asian Nazi
German Nazi = Japanese Empire
Japan's war crimes competed against the German Nazis
At that time, Japan was a twisted and evil country
The Japanese military has slaughtered countless civilians in Asia
Japanese civilians also slaughtered Koreans
In short, Japanese civilians are also Nazis
For one example 關東大虐殺 간토 대학살 Kanto Massacre
The Japanese set up prisons in every city in Korea for torture and murder
Seodaemun Prison
Unit 731
Nanjing Massacre
Japan's historical distortion, historical revisionism, is too absurd
Japan is the same democracy, but it distorts and hides its history
Germany teaches history accurately
The Japanese should emulate the Germans
Come to Korea and study history ..............................................................................................
There is a lot of historical evidence in Korea
It's an accurate history
Germany and Japan were allies in World War II
As soon as industrialization was successful, Japan waged war and massacred countless civilians
the Asian Holocaust
the Asian Nazis
I must say that American soldier was necessary and it saved at least 20x more lives considering that Imperial Japan never wanted to stop doing Asian holocaust
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
At that time, Japan made handmade handicrafts at home
I'm sorry to the Japanese civilians killed in the bomb, but we have to check the number of civilians killed by the Japanese military during that period
Thank the American soldier for stopping the Asian Nazis
Every country has a dark history. That's one thing. Whether they are ashamed and regret the wrong doings in the past and not cover it up is another
The adults told me a lot of stories
There are so many war crimes committed by Japanese soldiers
But Japan denies history
Japanese right-wing nationalists
Yasukuni Shrine
It's like calling Nazi Hitler a hero
The Japanese should learn the right history instead of pretending to be war victims
Japan should reflect on itself
It's important to learn history correctly for future generations
Koreans don't want compensation
They want to learn the right history and truly reflect on each other and form a consensus
As soon as Japan invaded Korea
the murder of Empress Myeongseong
At that time, the king of Japan was a god and the king of other countries was a beast
The king of Japan was enshrined as a god, but after the war was defeated, he declared himself a human being
Hirohito
일본인들 근대화 광무개혁 중인 조선을 침략해서 최빈국 문맹인으로 만들었다
학살, 고문, 한국어 금지, 한국어 말살, 한국 문화 말살, 강제노동, 강제 징용
민족말살 ethnocide
일본의 강제징용 노동으로 수백만 명이 맞아 죽거나 굶어 죽었다
한마디로 한국에 살고 있는 일본인들만 편하게 살려고 했다
한국을 수탈해서 한국 국민들은 굶어죽었다
군산 놀러와 증거 그대로 보존해 있다
다른 나라들도 일본인들의 자원이랑 쌀 수탈 때문에 많이 굶어 죽었다
일본의 수탈 때문에 베트남은 200만 명 굶어 죽었다
일본인들 정신 좀 차려 역사왜곡 그만해
일본인들 일본의 왜곡된 역사를 진짜로 믿고 있다
정신 차려 너무 한심하다
한국의 역사는 5000년 가까이 된다
한국 와서 공부해 한국은 증거 위주 역사다
고대 한국 때문에 발전한 나라 일본은 임진왜란으로 한국을 공격하였다
그 후로 일본은 미국 때문에 발전하였지만 진주만 공습으로 미국을 공격하였다
일본 너무 이상한 나라다
범죄가 발생하면 해결하려고 노력을 해야지 숨기고 감추고 비겁한 행동이다
아직까지 반성 안 하는 나라 현재 지금도 반성 없는 나라 일본
@aaroncoyne1768 Says:
maybe oppenhemier shouldnt be glorified for what he done or given any awards. He created the end of human civilization, he gave the greedy, evil men in power the tools to wipe out everything humanity built. We should be saying fck him for giving these evil prcks in power such a strong weapon, it should be banned entirely but it wont bc those who have it can make those who dont their btch. Thanks oppenheimer for making the world an exponentially more dangerous place, GREAT JOB.
@ujojds5283 Says:
Love your videos man, i really do, but please when you reffer to Marie Skłodowska Curie use both her surnames in future videos, or at least show them both on the screen.
@akiomontaury4412 Says:
Intankavel a dublagem de IA em PT BR
@ucngominh3354 Says:
hi
@whoisb Says:
Thanks!
@mrbach5063 Says:
"Maria Curie" you wish
@milsiart4976 Says:
Thank to Nikola Tesla, Oppenheimer might be...
@gisellefernandez5624 Says:
Nitrogen isn't unstable in air... What did Compton mean by that comment?"
@HenryLuster-o2y Says:
Djdon
@tjaspugelj2361 Says:
This video is about how to bouilt the atomic boamb.
Yt: as long as you dont have any coppitited music its all right.
@tensevo Says:
it is interesting at each stage of the "arms race", the original pioneers, tap out, saying, this is sadistic,
without Newton, there would be no Einstein, Einstein was against the bomb, without Einstein there would be no bomb program,
without Oppenheimer, there would be no bomb, but he was against the hydrogen bomb, and so on and so forth,
you can see the same trend in AI research.
@Footballedits12396 Says:
why is there 0.27.2084 in Oppenheimer's paper?. Please ignore me if i asked a stupid question. Its in 4:17 btw
@tomasm2128 Says:
Here in eastern Europe - the communist era they teached us in school that Hiroshima and Nagasaki was revenge for Pearl Harbour. Nobody teach us that Japan was not like Germany far from defeat.
@itsoddsquad Says:
27:18 To err is Truman.
@fastbudgie Says:
0:43 nice. That's a skill I always wanted.
@SuperCanonX2 Says:
"Coordinator of Rapid Rupture" is a menacing title
@dandared6395 Says:
Yes you bad normies - give us money and taxes to fight climate change (despite climate ALWAYS changing, it was hotter by 5c 5 million years ago, err so ?) but those shouting at regular folks like DiCaprio have huge yaughts, private jets, seaside or beachfront villas - despite sea levels going to rise? Th3se ppl who enjiy diddy parties lecturing me (!) How about fact that India & China doing nothing, is global control thats all.
@martinphillips7221 Says:
thankfully Elon Musk wasn't around then
@KuKuAudio Says:
Watching in the ocassion of Diwali 😂 🇮🇳
@MegaCharlie11 Says:
The test bomb used plutonium but the actual bombs dropped used uranium?
@Musyybro Says:
Now explain it in Fortnite terms
@abhinavbhise3816 Says:
Often times to us 80,000 is just a number. It holds no meaning. However I think it’s important to take a few seconds and actually imaging even a few thousand people around you.
Imagine the kind of destruction war can bring on human life.
@bestsnowboarderuknow Says:
24:47 Ha! Got eeemmm!
@Nill757 Says:
@15:30 “if you can make a reactor … make a bomb”
False. Fermi’s reactor was built w natural U, where as a weapon needs 90% HEU, very, very difficult to make, or by imploding Pu which didn’t exist in nature. Fermi had no HEU, had no Pu, so even Fermi could not make a weapon w what he had. This difference is explained later in the video, so why make the provocative statement?
@1future797 Says:
*say my name*
You’re Heisenberg
@puniopenetrante Says:
Honest question, from ignrance.....how K, the multiplcation, factor que be less than one if it is the number of neutron an atom releases on split? I mean....how can it release half neutron or as he said 2.4 neutros?
@mello_x Says:
7:30 anyone knows this music? Reminds me of bugs Bunny
@NapkinNexter Says:
poinoned apple
@SlowrideSteve Says:
What a terribly sad figure
@TubeMaven-_3028. Says:
It's the blueprint of nuclear bomb😂😂
@tajkia8968 Says:
i fully understand that it's surely a great success BUT does making "things" for banishing people is what makes a man hero?
@Himmom Says:
What if the blasts sets fire to the atmosphere mixing with atmospheric components @24:27
@garfieldwilliams74 Says:
History will never tell you the truth,
@garfieldwilliams74 Says:
History will never tell you the truth,
@kevinumber7 Says:
Oh. This is the southern revisionist channel. So. If you're smart move on if you're obedient and indoctrinated... carry on
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